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儿童咳嗽服用中成药需分病因

时间:2012-01-07 16:03来源:未知 作者:华夏养生 点击:
温差开始加大,孩子由于免疫系统发育还不健全,此时家长稍稍照顾不周,就会导致孩子感冒咳嗽。现在几乎每个家庭都为孩子准备了一些治疗感冒咳嗽的中成药。专家指出,家长要学会给孩子正确使用止咳类中成药。 轻微咳嗽别吃止咳药 儿科主任医师张思莱指出,有







    温差开始加大,孩子由于免疫系统发育还不健全,此时家长稍稍照顾不周,就会导致孩子感冒咳嗽。现在几乎每个家庭都为孩子准备了一些治疗感冒咳嗽的中成药。专家指出,家长要学会给孩子正确使用止咳类中成药。

  轻微咳嗽别吃止咳药

  儿科主任医师张思莱指出,有的家长一旦发现孩子咳嗽,就希望马上用药将咳嗽止住,其实这样做不但对孩子不利,有的时候反而是有害的。因为咳嗽本身是机体一种自我保护性的反射动作,呼吸道里的病理性分泌物以及从外界进入呼吸道的异物,可借咳嗽反射的动作排出体外。张思莱提醒,孩子一天偶尔咳嗽几声或者轻度咳嗽,家长不需要马上给孩子用止咳药。但是如果孩子咳嗽频繁、剧烈,甚至影响孩子进食和睡眠,此时就需要用止咳药了。

  外感咳嗽分清风寒风热

  张思莱表示,中医认为咳嗽一般与肺、脾、肾三脏有关,尤其对于学龄前儿童肺、脾二脏关系更为重要。引起小儿咳嗽的原因可能是外感,也可能是内伤。当机体不能适应外界的气候变化时,就会发生外感咳嗽,外感咳嗽分为风寒咳嗽和风热咳嗽。

  风寒咳嗽主要表现为头痛鼻塞、流清涕,初起咳嗽咽痒,吐白色稀薄痰,舌质淡红,舌苔薄白。治疗应该辛温散寒,止咳化痰。可服用儿童清肺口服液、消咳喘、解肌宁嗽丸、半夏露、通宣理肺丸等中成药。

  风热咳嗽主要表现为发热、口干咽燥、胸闷、咳嗽痰多,咳黄痰(或浓痰),且咳痰不爽,或久咳不止,舌质红,舌苔黄。治疗宜采用疏风清热,宣肺化痰。可服用蛇胆川贝液、川贝枇杷露、小儿急支糖浆、桑菊银翘散、罗汉果止咳冲剂、银黄口服液等中成药。

  饮食不节制易患内伤咳嗽

  由于学龄前儿童各脏腑稚嫩,如果饮食不节制,  影响了各脏腑的功能,尤其是脾胃失调,最终伤及肺脏,就会引起内伤咳嗽。而内伤咳嗽一般有痰湿咳嗽、痰热咳嗽和阴虚燥咳。

  痰湿咳嗽一般表现为咳嗽伴有喘、胸闷、痰多清稀。舌质淡红,舌苔白腻。治疗应该宣肃肺气,燥湿化痰。可服用杏苏饮、复方鲜竹沥口服液等中成药。

  痰热咳嗽主要表现为咳嗽发作频繁、痰黄黏稠难咳、发热口渴、面红耳赤、烦躁不安。舌质发红,舌苔黄腻。治疗宜采用宣肃肺气,清肺化痰。可选用健儿清解液、橘红丸、猴枣散等。

  而阴虚燥咳主要表现为久咳不愈、干咳无痰或痰少黏稠难以咳出或痰中带血、口渴喜饮、咽喉干燥、声音嘶哑。舌质红,少苔。治疗应该采用养阴清肺,润燥化痰,可选用养阴清肺口服液、小儿止嗽金丹等。

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